Aluminium Alloy Laser Vuam: Cov txheej txheem nyuaj, tsis muaj, thiab kev tswj tsis raug

Aluminium alloys muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub: hluav taws xob- lub tsheb roj teeb tais, cov qauv hauv dav hlau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lawv lub zog-rau- qhov hnyav piv yog qhov zoo heev, tab sis tib lub teeb ua rau lawv yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog los koom nrog lub laser.

Tsis zoo li cov hlau, txhuas muaj kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm qhov teeb meem laser teeb nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, ua kom sov sai sai, thiab nqa ib tug tenacious aluminium -oxide daim tawv nqaij uas ntxiab hydrogen thiab alters yaj- pas dej ua ke chemistry. Cov khoom no tsis ua rau txhuas "un-weldable" nrog lasers; lawv tsuas yog yuam cov engineers los kho lub wavelength, beam zoo, alloy xaiv, qhov chaw nyob, thiab shielding roj raws li ib tug ua ke system. Yog tias koj tshiab rau cov txheej txheem, pebua hauj lwm hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm laser vuam tshuabpiav qhia yuav ua li cas cov nqaj-cov khoom sib cuam tshuam tsim lub pas dej ua ke hauv thawj qhov chaw. Rau kev pom dav dav ntawm cov hlau twg zoo ib yam, saib pebcov ntaub ntawv compatibility qhia rau laser vuam.

Cov lus qhia no tsom mus rau cov kev txiav txim siab zoo uas cais cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab ntawm aluminium laser vuam los ntawm cov hlaws dai kom zoo nkauj uas muaj cov porosity thiab tawg.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm laser qhov chaw yog thawj lim nyob rau hauv tej daim ntawv thov vuam aluminium. Tsis yog txhua qhov kev lag luam laser ob peb zoo rau hauv txhuas.

CO₂ lasers (10.6 µm)keeb kwm tawm tsam ntawm liab qab txhuas vim tias lub pas dej molten ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov wavelength thiab plasma shielding tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lub zog xa khoom. Niaj hnub no lawv tsis tshua muaj kev xaiv thawj zaug rau txhuas qhov sib sib zog nqus-kev nkag mus vuam, txawm hais tias lawv tseem pom kev siv niche hauv tshwj xeeb brazing lossis clad- daim ntawv thov.

Nd:YAG, fiber ntau, disk, thiab ncaj qha - diode lasers (~ 1 µm)dominate lub khw hauv tsev aluminium. Ntawm 1 µm qhov pib qhov kev xav tau qis dua li ntau qhov kev xav, thiab ib zaug ntawm cov ntawv tseem ceeb, qhov nqus tau nce siab. Fiber thiab disk lasers ntxiv brightness, zoo heev hluav taws xob efficiency, thiab saj zawg zog fiber ntau xa, uas yog vim li cas lawv yog lub neej ntawd rau siab - ceev txhuas koom nyob rau hauv tsheb thiab roj teeb ntau lawm.

Semiconductor (diode) lasersfeem ntau xaiv rau kev ua kom sov- cov txheej txheem xws li brazing. Nyob rau hauv tsheb cua sov-exchanger lossis roj teeb- pob daim ntawv thov, diode laser tuaj yeem yaj cov xaim xaim lossis braze alloy los ua ib qho qis- porosity sib koom yam tsis muaj qhov sib sib zog nqus - qhov tseem ceeb uas ua rau porosity.

Yog tias koj cov kab ntau lawm khiav 24/7 thiab ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm 5xxx lossis 6xxx qhov chaw, pebfiber ntau laser vuam tshuab rau cov kab ntau lawmnpog cov kab hluav taws xob, kab teeb - kev xaiv xa khoom, thiab automation interfaces. Rau micro-cov pob qij txha lossis cua sov- cov khoom sib dhos, aQCW quasi-nruam yoj vuam platformxa millisecond ncov pulses nrog qis nruab nrab cua sov input, thiab pebQCW laser technology thiab ncov -power dynamics qhiataug kev li cas lub zog siab tshaj plaws thiab lub luag haujlwm lub voj voog sib cuam tshuam.

Xaiv cov hlau yog qhov tseem ceeb xws li xaiv lub laser. A 5xxx alloy thiab 7xxx alloy tuaj yeem coj zoo li cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv hauv tib lub nqaj.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lub rooj yog cov txheej txheem kev lag luam zoo rau laser vuam. Tus cwj pwm zoo nyob ntawm kev npau taws, qhov tuab, kev sib koom ua ke, thiab cov tswv yim muab tub lim.

Rau roj teeb - qauv thiab busbar ua haujlwm, 6xxx extrusion thiab 5xxx nplooj ntawv yog cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Yog tias koj tus qauv tsim koom nrog aluminium rau tooj liab lossis npib tsib xee terminals, pebaluminium-rau-nickel roj teeb laser vuam tshuabyog tsim los rau qhov sib txawv ntawm - hlau tab thiab busbar daim ntawv thov qhov tawg - resistant weld teem caij tseem ceeb.

Porosity yog qhov tsis zoo tshaj plaws hauv aluminium laser welds. Cov pores los ntawm ob qhov chaw tseem ceeb: hydrogen thiab keyhole instability.

Hydrogen porositypib ntawm oxide zaj duab xis. Al₂O₃ nyob rau saum npoo adsorbs noo noo los ntawm huab cua, txiav roj, los yog hnyav residues. Thaum cov oxide tawg nyob rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke, lub tso tawm hydrogen muaj solubility siab nyob rau hauv cov kua txhuas tab sis solubility tsawg heev nyob rau hauv cov khoom txhuas. Thaum lub sij hawm sai solidification nws dim li npuas uas yog khov rau hauv cov hlaws dai.

Keyhole-induced porositytshwm sim thaum lub qhov keyhole hloov pauv lossis tawg. Lub cev qhuav dej tuaj yeem thaiv cov pa roj lossis hlau vapor hauv lub pas dej; Yog hais tias lub pas dej ua ke solidifies ua ntej lub npuas mus txog saum npoo, lub pore tseem nyob.

Tailored laser pulse waveform rau txhuas vuam

Lub tswv yim tswj yog li peb -sided:

1. Ntxuav, qhuav qhov chaw.Degreasing thiab cov neeg kho tshuab lossis tshuaj oxide tshem tawm txo cov hydrogen qhov ntau dua ib qho kev tshaj tawm -weld fix.
2. ruaj khov keyhole.Beam wobbling, fais fab kev hloov kho, los yog optimized vuam ceev txo qhov tawg zaus.
3. Kev tiv thaiv zoo.Argon yog tus qauv; helium sib tov tuaj yeem txo cov ntshav plasma thiab txuas ntxiv qhov ruaj khov - txheej txheem qhov rai.

Kev sib piv tsis zoo: tsis ruaj tsis khov keyhole thiab ntxeem tau aluminium weld

Rau cov khoom siv dav dav uas suav nrog spatter, undercut, thiab nkag tsis tiav, saib peb phau ntawv qhia ntawmntau laser vuam faults thiab teb fixes.

Kub tawg, tseem hu ua solidification cracking, tshwm thaum kawg ntawm solidification thaum qis - melting -point films nyob nruab nrab ntawm dendrites. Nyob rau hauv txhuas, alloying ntsiab xws li tooj liab thiab zinc nthuav cov solidification ntau yam thiab ua kua films nyob ntev. Thaum shrinkage kev nyuaj siab rub cov ib feem solidified sib koom ua ke, ib tug tawg opens raws lub weld centerline los yog grain ciam teb.

Cov kauj ruam mitigation classic yog:

• Hloov cov chemistry.Ntxiv silicon los ntawm 4043 los yog 4047 muab tub lim xaim nqaim lub freezing ntau yam thiab ua rau kom cov solidification tawg kuj ntawm feem ntau 6xxx alloys.
• Txo cov cua kub nkag.Cov kab hluav taws xob qis qis qis rau thaj tsam mushy thiab thermal strain uas ua rau tawg.
• Txo kev txwv.Kev kho kom zoo, sib koom ua ke sib txawv, thiab kev sib txuas ua ke txo qis qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov hlaws solidifying.
• Siv cov khoom siv hauv paus.Yog tias ua tau, zam 2xxx thiab 7xxx lub hauv paus hlau rau fusion welds thiab xaiv 5xxx lossis 6xxx hloov.

Peb tsab xov xwm mob siab rau5 raug laser vuam tsis xws luag thiab tiv thaivnthuav cov kev sib tham tawg mus rau qhov txias cracking, underfill, thiab lwm yam teeb meem tshwm sim.

Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, liab qab txhuas reflects roughly 90% los yog ntau tshaj ntawm 1 µm laser teeb. Qhov xwm txheej no hloov lub caij ntuj no melts: absorptivity jumps, ib vapor capillary cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ntau yam sab hauv reflections cuab zog nyob rau hauv lub keyhole. Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev xav txog-dominated rau keyhole-dominated cua sov yog qhov kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhuas laser vuam.

Vim tias qhov pib nqus tau qis, cov txheej txheem yuav tsum muaj luv luv, siab - zog- ntom "punch" los pib lub qhov tseem ceeb. Thaum tsim tau, lub vuam tuaj yeem khiav ntawm qis zog ceev, tab sis lub qhov rais ua haujlwm tseem nqaim. qeeb dhau thiab qhov keyhole loj hlob tsis ruaj khov; nrawm dhau thiab qhov keyhole tsoo ua ntej kev nkag mus tag nrho.

Practical levers muaj xws li:

• Deg texturing los yog abradinglos tsa thawj absorptivity.
• Lub zog ramping los yog tailored mem tes waveformskom tsis txhob tawg vaporization thaum pib -up.
• Beam oscillation (wobble)los nthuav qhov keyhole thiab txhim kho qhov sib txawv bridging.
• Defocus tswjlos kho lub zog faib thoob plaws qhov sib koom ua ke.

Yog tias koj tab tom sib piv laser vuam nrog arc txheej txheem ntawm txhuas, peb tsab xov xwm ntawmhandheld laser vuam hloov TIG ntawm aluminium alloysqhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas 1 µm beam cuam tshuam rau kev mus ncig ceev, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab kev sib txawv ntawm cov pob qij txha tiag tiag 6xxx. Rau lub taub qab ncaj -cov lus pom zoo sib koom ua ke, qhovtaub qab-kev sib koom welding parameters rau txhuasnplooj ntawv teev cov fais fab, ceev, thiab thaiv kev teeb tsa.

High-zoo aluminium laser vuam yog qhov ua tau zoo. Ib kauj ruam uas tsis muaj zog cuam tshuam rau lwm tsib. Siv daim ntawv txheeb xyuas no ua ntej tso cov txheej txheem rau kev tsim khoom:

1. Shielding gas thiab kho vajtse.Siv argon lossis argon-helium sib tov. Txheeb xyuas lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub taub hau, sawv ntsug - tawm, thiab tus nqi ntws rau cov ntaub ntawv laminar. Turbulent flow rub cua mus rau hauv lub pas dej.
2. Kev npaj nto.Tshem tawm cov roj thiab oxides. Khaws cov khoom ntxuav hauv qab tswj cov av noo; re-oxidation pib nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm.
3. Parameter teeb.Sib npaug zog, focal txoj hauj lwm, thiab mus ncig ceev rau lub alloy thiab thickness. Khiav tus qauv tsim- ntawm- kev sim ntawm qhov tseeb, tsis yog ntawm daim coupon tiaj tus.
4. Filler zoo.Ntxiv 4047/5356 xaim thaum tawg tsis kam lossis qhov sib txawv txuas yog xav tau. Match muab tub lim rau lub hauv paus alloy thiab kev pabcuam ib puag ncig.
5. Cov txheej txheem Advanced.Xav txog ntxaib-spot, beam wobble, los yog kub-hlau pub thaum nkag mus zoo ib yam los yog qhov sib txawv yog qhov tseem ceeb.
6. Tshaj tawm - txheej txheem kev txheeb xyuas.Siv kev tshuaj xyuas qhov muag ntxiv rau X-ray lossis ultrasonic kuaj kom muaj kev nyab xeeb- cov pob qij txha tseem ceeb. Document lub qhov rais uas tau txais thiab siv nyob rau hauv - txheej txheem photodiode los yog plasma xyuas rau drift detection.
7. Thaum tshav kub kub- cuam tshuam cheeb tsam tshuaj xyuas.Hnub nyoog- hardening alloys xws li 6061 tuaj yeem poob lub zog hauv HAZ. Yog tias txhua yam khoom muaj ciam teb, rov tsim qhov sib koom ua ke lossis ntxiv ib qho kev tshaj tawm -weld aging step.

Rau cov ntaub ntawv thov, peb nplooj ntawv ntawmaluminium koob yees duab vaj tsev laser weldingqhia tau hais tias tib cov kauj ruam no tswj kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev zoo nkauj zoo li cas ntawm nyias -cov khoom siv hauv tsheb. Rau siab dua - cov kab ntau, pebtsis siv neeg nruam fiber ntau laser vuam workstationkoom ua ke cov kev tswj hwm no rau hauv cov khoom tsim tawm - npaj cell.

Aluminium alloy laser welding khoom plig kev tsim kho engineering. Pib nrog 1 µm fiber ntau lossis disk laser, xaiv 5xxx lossis 6xxx lub hauv paus hlau thaum ua tau, ntxuav qhov chaw aggressively, thiab stabilize lub keyhole los ntawm lub hwj chim modulation los yog beam oscillation. Kho cov porosity li hydrogen-kev tswj hwm thiab qhov tseem ceeb- teeb meem kev ruaj ntseg, thiab kho qhov kub kub tawg ua ib qho tshuaj lom neeg-thiab- teeb meem txwv. Ua ob qho tib si, thiab cov pob qij txha ua tau zoo sib xws nrog txhuas lub teeb yuag cov lus cog tseg nrog txhim khu kev qha txhua yam kev ua tau zoo.

Rau kev kho vaj tse, qauv qauv, lossis tsawg- ntim ua haujlwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txav mus los, a1000W handheld fiber ntau laser weldertuaj yeem xa cov kab teeb zoo tib yam hauv ib pob khoom nqa tau. Txhawm rau pom tag nrho peb cov kab ke, xaujindustrial laser vuam khoomlos yog xa koj cov alloy, tuab, thiab cov kev xav tau sib koom ua ke rau peb pab pawg neeg siv rau kev ntsuam xyuas txheej txheem.